Map of the area of the Upper Part of Baffin Bay and the coasts of Greenland and Grinnell Land, illustrating the tracts of the Second Grinnell Expedition in 1854-1855.

The Second Grinnell expedition of 1853–1855 was an American effort, financed by Henry Grinnell, to determine the fate of the Franklin's lost expedition. Led by Elisha Kent Kane, the team explored areas northwest of Greenland, now called Grinnell Land.

While failing to determine the fate of Sir John Franklin, the expedition set a new record for northward penetration, delineated 960 miles of unexplored coastline north of 82° latitude, and discovered the long-sought open Polar Sea. Kane collected valuable geographical, climate and magnetic observations before abandoning the brig Advance to the pack ice in 1855. While three members of the crew were lost, the epic journey of the survivors inspired the public as a vivid tale of Arctic survival.